Introduction
It has been a Gordian knot between the Muslim minority group, the Rohingya, and the Myanmar government since its inception. This minority group resides in Rakhine State, formerly known as Arkan in Myanmar. However, the people of this smoky state, Rakhine, have always been a discriminated group in their homeland. In the same way, the people of this state have faced various horrible and horrendous incidents, but neither international nor regional organizations have played a prominent role in this endless situation. Therefore, a mass exodus has fled to neighboring countries.
Historical background of the Rohingya and their situation in the country
The Rohingya are a Muslim ethnic minority belonging to Sunni Islam. Approximately one million Rohingya Muslims live in this state. However, they have a very different ethnicity, religion and language than the Buddhist group in Myanmar. The people of the Rohingya community claim that they have their roots in this land from the 15th century when people migrated to this Arkan kingdom, while the government of Myanmar denied their claim and did not accept the recognition of the country as a 135th ethnic group. They have also been considered illegal immigrants from Bangladesh. However, in the 1990s they were given a white card for the recognition of the temporary stay of the Rohingya in Myanmar with limited rights, but later these white cards and the right to vote were taken away by President Thein Sein in the 2015 constitutional referendum.
Reason beyond the mass exodus of the Rohingya
The minority group was discriminated against by restricting various things such as marriage, employment, education, religious choice, and freedom of movement. More importantly, the couple were not allowed to have more than two children and during the time of marriage they were required to fulfill the condition, that is, to give bribes and show a photo of the bride and groom. In addition to this, if Muslims needed to move to a new place, then they required government approval. Apart from this, Rakhine states is one of the least developed states in Myanmar, which has a poverty rate of 78%. However, the tension has flared because opportunities for Muslims were restricted and, furthermore, this situation improved the differences between religious groups. Therefore, they were forced to leave the country and flee to neighboring countries.
The terrestrial instruments of the recent mass influx
Recently, the swamp was lit due to attack by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) and responsibility for the attack was attributed to police and military posts. Therefore, the government named this ARSA a terrorist organization and ordered the army a campaign that destroyed hundreds of villages and forced more than 500,000 Rohingya to leave the country. In addition, Mayanmer security forces reportedly opened fire and killed more than 500 people who lost their lives. However, they flee to Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya are reported to be unregistered and living in Bangladesh. Similarly, Malaysia, according to the August report, has stated that more than 88% of the registered refugees were from Maynmer, that is, 60,000 from the Rohingya group.
The role of the region and the enigma of the Rohingya
Countries in the region began to protest against the Myanmar government, such as India, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Bangladeshi Foreign Minister condemns the murder and persecution of the Rohingya. The neighbor raised his voice against the genocide in Myanmar and demanded that the Myanmar government stop this violence. However, the Myanmar government seized its democratic power for the first time, but unfortunately remained reluctant instead of taking a positive role in the situation. However, Aung Saang Suki has denied criticism from the international world about his handling of this issue resented by the relationship between the two countries. In September 2017, he said that he has helped people lead normal lives with the best possible pay.
Response from international and regional organizations
The United Nations has taken a positive role immediately to this massacre and has urged the Myanmar authorities to put an end to these military operations that have enhanced the violation of human rights. Similarly, UN Secretary General António Guterres said the broader crisis “has generated multiple implications for neighboring states and the wider region, including the risk of conflict between communities.” In addition to this, “it is imperative that UN agencies and our non-governmental partners have immediate and safe access to all affected communities,” he said. Therefore, the United Nations has demonstrated its positive role together with neighboring countries in making a responsible course for the resettlement of the Rohingya in their homeland.
conclusion
In short, the crisis of the Rohingya minority in Myanmar can be easily reduced if the UN plays its central role in leading the immediate response of the Government of Myanmar with practical results. Therefore, it is the only responsible way in which the government of Myanmar will adopt impartial policies for all its citizens and allow the Rohingya minority to be an independent community that will have all the rights such as voting, moving easily around the country, marrying without Buddhist conditions and to empower the people of this community in government positions.
