OPGW or OPTGW cables stand for optical ground cable and are a type of overhead fiber cable. OPGWs are generally installed on normal voltage and extra high voltage power lines. This type of cable has two functions: Ground Wire and to provide a communication link for the transmission of voice, video or data by incorporating optical fibers to the cable. It is used in the construction of electric power transmission and distribution lines.
OPGW fiber cables are used to replace the conventional ground cable of old power lines with an ever increasing fiber communications function.
:: The structure of an OPGW cable
An OPGW cable contains a tubular structure with one or more fibers, surrounded by layers of steel and aluminum wire.
:: Where the OPGW cable is installed
The OPGW cable is installed between the tops of the pylons. The conductive part of the cable serves to connect adjacent towers to earth and protects the high-voltage conductors from lightning strikes. Optical fibers are used for data transmission.
:: Advantages of OPGW cable
Fiber optic overhead systems play a key role in telecommunications networks. Because civil works are not required and rights of way have already been established, it is possible to minimize costs and, most importantly, the time required to start network operation.
:: Other types of aerial fiber optic cables
1) Self-supporting cables (ADSS). Self-supporting fiber optic system for all types of lines: power lines, overhead distribution lines for railways, etc.
2) Fiber optic cables tied together. Optical fibers tied to ground wire or phase wire in power lines.
3) OPPC. Optical phase composite cables, for high voltage power lines up to 135 kV.